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Ch 13.1 help

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Ch 13.1 help Empty Ch 13.1 help

Post  periwinkle Tue Nov 18, 2008 12:08 am

Question 1
A constant force of 121.5 N acts tangentially on the wheel shown which has a 41.22 cm radius. The wheel axis through the center point is inserted into a hole where it has a tight fit causing friction which generates heat. How much heat in calories is generated during 290.5 turns (see sheet 3; calculate the work done by the force against the frictional torque- see sheet Ch 8 sheet 38) ?

Answer: 21832.693079432847
How to solve:

Question 2
A 30.83 kg person runs 43.22 times up the stairs to the D level of the Physics Building. Assume for simplicity that the energy spent is equal to the gain in potential energy for the 29.22 m height. How many nutritional calories has the person used up (see sheet 3) ? Indicate with a positive (negative) sign whether under your simplifying assumption it does (does not) matter if the person walks or runs the distance.

Answer: -91.2230409217387
How to solve:

Question 3
A bridge made of steel and 0.7772 km long undergoes temperature changes from 6.063oF to 110.42oF. By how much does the length of the bridge change due to thermal expansion (see sheet 4; use 11x10-6 oC-1 for the coefficient of linear expansion of steel) ? Indicate with a positive (negative) sign whether the length increases ( decreases ) with rising temperature.

Answer: 0.49564936911111107
How to solve:

Question 4
The temperature of 3.182 liters of water is raised by 44.03 oC. What is the heat input in calories (see sheet 8,11) ? Indicate with a negative (positive) sign whether for the same mass in steel less (more) calories are needed to produce the same temperature rise (use 0.107 cal g-1 oC-1 for the specific heat of steel).

Answer: -140103.46
How to solve:

periwinkle

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Ch 13.1 help Empty Question 1

Post  Guest01 Sat Nov 22, 2008 7:35 am

We are looking for the amount of Heat in calories. We can find it in joules easily and just need to do a conversion factor given to us on Ch 13, Sheet 3.
Qcalories = ω/4.187

ω = F*r

Let's find the amount of work first:
ω = 121.5 N * 0.4122 [Don't forget to convert it into S.I. Units!]
ω = 50.0823

Not exactly there yet...
Since it is a spinning disk and the heat is found after s number of turn we have to include this into the equation. Here it makes 290.5 and since it's circular you CANNOT forget to include . Just multiply the rotation and the work:
Qjoules = ω*rotation
Qjoules = 50.0823*(290.5*2π)
Qjoules = 91413.48592

Remember! Calculate the rotation first then multiply it by the work! If you are still not getting this answer make sure you calculator is in RADIANS, these are two very important and overlooked details and can save a lot of "Why am I getting this wrong..?"

Now just convert it into calories:
Qcalories = 91413.48592/4.187
Qcalories =
Spoiler:

Guest01

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Ch 13.1 help Empty Question 3

Post  Guest01 Sat Nov 22, 2008 7:53 am

This one is a bit more annoying because of the conversions, personally I don't like converting only because it's more work.

Watch S.I. Units! In fact let's just do all our converting now!
T1 = (°F1-32)*(5/9)
T1 = (110.42°F-32)*(5/9)
T1 = 43.56666667T °C

T2 = (6.063°F-32)*(5/9)
T2 = -14.40944444 °C

ΔT = (T1-T2)
ΔT = 57.97611111 °C

We can leave our answer in Celsius. ΔT would be the same for Kelvin

Now our length has to be in meters. It's given in kilometers and to convert to meters just multiply by 1000
L0 = 0.7772 km * 1000
L0 = 777.2 m

Now we can use the formula. The number for α is already given to us as 11x10-6, now plug in everything and use:
(ΔL/L0) = α*ΔT

ΔL = L0*α*ΔT
ΔL = 777.2 m * 11x10-6 * 57.97611111 °C
ΔL =
Spoiler:

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Ch 13.1 help Empty Question 4

Post  Guest01 Sat Nov 22, 2008 8:08 am

This is real easy, the hardest part is realizing you have to convert Liters to weight. Instead of using all math I already know that the volume of water in Liters can be converted to mass in grams by multiplying it by 1000. You can double check this by converting Liters (volume) to cubic centimeters and since 1g of water is equal to a cubic centimeter we can multiply it by that. Actually I'm not 100 percent sure if those are the correct S.I. Units trough the conversions. You should really double check this. However it is the same concept and procedure to convert it.

ΔT and c are given to us already. I ignored c since I know the value is just 1 and can be ignored. Don't do this! This is bad practice by me and understand you have to include c.
ΔT= 44.03
c = 1

Now using the formula multiply it out:
Q = m*c*ΔT
Q = (3.182*1000)*(1)*44.03
Q =
Spoiler:

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Ch 13.1 help Empty Question 2

Post  Guest01 Sat Nov 22, 2008 8:30 am

Took me a bit of time to figure this one out, then I had a realization, we're supposed to treat as Potential Energy (completely overlooked it in the question).

First use the formula for PE and you should end up with a value close to 8837.364006

This is done a certain amount of times so include that:
8837.364006 * 43.22 = 381950.04092 J

Now convert the joules into calories the same way as we did for Question 1
381950.04092/4.187 = 91223.04092

Now it is asking for nutritional or kcal which is one thousandth of a calorie so just divide by 1000 (or multiply by 0.001)
91223.04092/1000 =
Spoiler:

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Ch 13.1 help Empty Re: Ch 13.1 help

Post  kathleen Sun Nov 23, 2008 2:04 am

thank you!

kathleen
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Ch 13.1 help Empty Q1

Post  meg Sun Nov 23, 2008 11:47 pm

what does the n stand for in Question 1

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Post  Guest01 Mon Nov 24, 2008 12:03 am

In 121.5 N? The N is just the units, that is N = Newtons; so it's 121.5 Newtons

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Post  question Mon Nov 24, 2008 2:44 pm

I'm not quite sure what the (2n) is. What's n? when you multiply your rotation and your w together, what's the 2n? n must be some value because without it you wouldnt be getting the answer that you've calculated on number one. thanks for your help!

question
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Ch 13.1 help Empty when is this due?

Post  guest23 Mon Nov 24, 2008 4:46 pm

Isn't this due when we get back?

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Post  Guest01 Mon Nov 24, 2008 8:16 pm

that's not supposed to be an "n" sorry, it's just the way the font is. It's actually supposed to be "pi" so you're multiplying by "2pi".

Yes it's not due until December, however I'm trying to get a lot of my work done early.

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Post  meg Tue Nov 25, 2008 2:10 am

Yea thats the n I was referring to..obviously N stands for Newtons....Thanks

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Post  boo Mon Dec 01, 2008 4:26 pm

what is the formula?

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